Architrave: The Backbone of Classical Architecture
In classical architecture, architraves are the horizontal beams that span between two columns or piers and support the weight of the structure above. They are an essential element that provides a visual and structural base for the entablature, which includes the frieze and cornice.
Architraves can be found in many different forms throughout history. In ancient Greece, they were typically made from wood and decorated with intricate carvings depicting mythological scenes. It wasn’t until Roman times that stone became the preferred material for architraves due to its durability.
The size and composition of architraves vary depending on their location within a building. Those at ground level tend to be larger than those higher up because they need to support more weight. Additionally, those located at entrances or other focal points often have more elaborate decoration.
One of the most well-known examples of an architrave is found in the Parthenon in Athens, Greece. The entablature features three bands – a plain one at the bottom, a sculpted one in the middle depicting battle scenes between centaurs and Lapiths, and another plain band at the top.
Other famous buildings featuring impressive architraves include Rome’s Pantheon with its massive Corinthian columns supporting an ornate coffered dome, as well as St. Peter’s Basilica in Vatican City where towering pilasters flank each side of its grand entranceway.
While classical architecture may seem outdated today compared to modern design styles, it remains an important part of architectural history that has influenced countless buildings around the world over centuries. Architraves are just one example of how this style incorporated both form and function into structures designed to inspire awe while providing stability for generations to come.